Dr. Vivek Kumar – Director, Interventional Cardiology & Head of Structural Heart Program at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Vaishali – is among the leading specialists for heart valve treatment in Ghaziabad and Delhi NCR.

Heart Valve Disease Treatment

The heart has four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). As blood leaves each chamber, it passes through a valve. These valves prevent blood from flowing backward and act as one-way inlets and outlets. The four heart valves are:

  • Tricuspid Valve – Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
  • Pulmonary Valve – Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
  • Mitral Valve – Located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
  • Aortic Valve – Located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
Best Heart Valve Treatment in Ghaziabad Delhi NCR by Dr Vivek Kumar

How do the heart valves work?

  • The valves open and close as the heart muscle contracts and relaxes, allowing blood to flow into the ventricles and out to the body at the right times.
  • When the left and right atria fill with blood, they contract. This opens the mitral and tricuspid valves, allowing blood to enter the ventricles.
  • The ventricles then contract. The aortic and pulmonary valves open to send blood to the body and lungs, while the mitral and tricuspid valves close to prevent backflow.

What is Heart Valve Disease?

Heart valve disorders usually result from two main problems:

  • Stenosis (narrowing) – The valve does not open fully, restricting blood flow.
  • Regurgitation (leakage) – The valve does not close completely, allowing blood to flow backward.

A valve can have both stenosis and regurgitation. Multiple valves can also be affected at the same time. When valves fail to open and close properly, the heart may be unable to pump enough blood to the body, which can lead to heart failure.

Symptoms of Heart Valve Disease

Mild to moderate valve disease may cause no symptoms. Common signs of more advanced disease include:

  • Chest pain or discomfort
  • Palpitations or irregular heartbeats
  • Fatigue
  • Dizziness or light-headedness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Swelling in the legs, ankles or abdomen
  • Changes in blood pressure

Causes of Heart Valve Damage

  • Age-related changes (calcification and degeneration)
  • Rheumatic heart disease
  • Heart attack and coronary artery disease
  • Infective endocarditis (infection of the valve)
  • Congenital (birth) defects
  • Myxomatous degeneration
  • Other less common causes such as certain connective tissue disorders

How is Heart Valve Disease Diagnosed?

An abnormal heart sound (murmur) heard during examination is often the first clue. Further tests help confirm the type and severity of valve disease:

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) – Records the electrical activity of the heart and detects abnormal rhythms or muscle damage.
  • Echocardiogram (Echo) – Uses sound waves to create images of the heart chambers and valves. This is the most accurate non-invasive method to assess valve function.
  • Other tests such as chest X-ray, CT angiography or cardiac catheterisation may be advised in selected cases.

Treatment Options for Heart Valve Disease

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the valve problem and the patient’s overall condition. Options include:

Medications

Medicines cannot cure valve disease but can relieve symptoms and prevent complications. These may include:

  • Beta-blockers, digoxin or calcium-channel blockers to control heart rate and rhythm
  • Diuretics and vasodilators to manage blood pressure and fluid overload
  • Blood-thinning medicines when needed
Interventional & Surgical Treatments
  • Balloon Valvuloplasty – Minimally invasive procedure to open a narrowed valve (commonly used for mitral stenosis).
  • Valve Repair – Surgical or catheter-based techniques to restore the valve’s function while preserving the patient’s own tissue whenever possible.
  • Valve Replacement – The damaged valve is replaced with a mechanical or tissue (bioprosthetic) valve. This can be done by open-heart surgery or by transcatheter methods such as TAVI/TAVR for the aortic valve.

Why choose Dr. Vivek Kumar for Heart Valve Treatment in Ghaziabad & Delhi NCR?
As Director – Interventional Cardiology & Head of Structural Heart Program at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Vaishali, Dr. Vivek Kumar specialises in the full spectrum of valve therapies – from medical management and balloon valvuloplasty to advanced transcatheter procedures such as TAVI. Patients from across Delhi NCR trust him for precise diagnosis and evidence-based treatment.

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